{"created":"2023-05-15T09:58:14.383372+00:00","id":2150,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"d15285e7-cad3-47fa-87dd-90410614d5f3"},"_deposit":{"created_by":5,"id":"2150","owner":"5","owners":[5],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2150"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:miyazaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002150","sets":["71","71:25"]},"author_link":["11231"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1987-03","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"65","bibliographicPageStart":"49","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"61","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"宮崎大学教育学部紀要. 人文科学","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Memoirs of the faculty of education Miyazaki University. Humanities science","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"It is generally assumed that there are three \"retroflex\" sounds or allophones in the pronunciation\nof American English, i. e., the consonant [r] and the vowels [з', а']. They\nare usually classified separately. In addition, it is commonly held that the retroflex\nhas two different manners of articulation: one, raising and curling back the tip of the\ntongue toward the back of the alveolar ridge or the hard palate, and the other,\nbunching and retracting the body of the tongue. Both of these manners include liprounding\nas well.\nThis paper asserts that the so-called \"retroflex\" consonant and vowels in American\npronunciation are not in reality retroflex as that term suggests the sounds to be. In\nfact, a single phoneme unit /=/ with the two phonetic realizations, [=,=], has the\nI\nbackward retraction of the body of the tongue as the major, obligatory factor, together\nwith a) upward bunching of the tongue, b) touching and pressing of the sides of the\ntongue against the second bicuspids and molars, c) constrictions of the mouth cavity\nboth at the lower pharynx and at either the back of the hard palate or the front\nof the soft palate, and d) lip-rounding.\nThe second part of the paper examines pronunciation manuals published both\nin Japan and abroad, based on the discussion of the first part. The descriptions\nand explanations of the sound /=/ and its pronunciation in most of the manuals are\nquite inadequate, and, therefore, need to be improved.\nTeachers of English in Japan (especially Japanese teachers) are urged to cultivate\ntheir own kinaesthetic introspection or feedback ability, as suggested by J. C. Catford.\nMere reliance on books and/or tape materials recorded by native speakers does not ease\nor solve the difficulty in teaching this \"chameleon\" sound to Japanese students.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"宮崎大学教育学部","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00236401","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0285855X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorAffiliations":[{"affiliationNameIdentifiers":[{"affiliationNameIdentifier":"","affiliationNameIdentifierScheme":"ISNI","affiliationNameIdentifierURI":"http://www.isni.org/isni/"}],"affiliationNames":[{"affiliationName":"","affiliationNameLang":"ja"}]}],"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"南, 太一郎","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ミナミ, タイチロウ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Minami, Taichiro","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"familyNames":[{"familyName":"南","familyNameLang":"ja"},{"familyName":"ミナミ","familyNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"familyName":"Minami","familyNameLang":"en"}],"givenNames":[{"givenName":"太一郎","givenNameLang":"ja"},{"givenName":"タイチロウ","givenNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"givenName":"Taichiro","givenNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"11231","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorAffiliations":[{"affiliationNameIdentifiers":[{"affiliationNameIdentifier":"","affiliationNameIdentifierScheme":"ISNI","affiliationNameIdentifierURI":"http://www.isni.org/isni/"}],"affiliationNames":[{"affiliationName":"","affiliationNameLang":"ja"}]}],"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"南, 太一郎","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ミナミ, タイチロウ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Minami, Taichiro","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"familyNames":[{"familyName":"南","familyNameLang":"ja"},{"familyName":"ミナミ","familyNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"familyName":"Minami","familyNameLang":"en"}],"givenNames":[{"givenName":"太一郎","givenNameLang":"ja"},{"givenName":"タイチロウ","givenNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"givenName":"Taichiro","givenNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"11231","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2020-06-21"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kkj61.49-65.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.3 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kkj61.49-65.pdf","url":"https://miyazaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2150/files/kkj61.49-65.pdf"},"version_id":"7946d268-41b8-451d-baeb-fcb02c654228"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"アメリカ英語のいわゆる「そり舌音」再考","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"アメリカ英語のいわゆる「そり舌音」再考","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"The So-called American English \"Retroflex\" Reconsidered","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"5","path":["71","25"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2008-02-26"},"publish_date":"2008-02-26","publish_status":"0","recid":"2150","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["アメリカ英語のいわゆる「そり舌音」再考"],"weko_creator_id":"5","weko_shared_id":2},"updated":"2024-10-03T06:23:27.968049+00:00"}