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Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in BoLA-DRB3 and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle Daous, Hala El 50911111 三苫, 修也 ミトマ, シュウヤ Mitoma, Shuya 三苫 ミトマ Mitoma 修也 シュウヤ Shuya 宮崎大学 University of Miyazaki Elhanafy Eslam Thi Nguyen, Huyen Thi Mai, Ngan Notsu, Kosuke 野津, 昂亮 ノツ, コウスケ Notsu 野津 ノツ Kosuke 昂亮 コウスケ Kaneko, Chiho Norimine, Junzo 乗峰, 潤三 ノリミネ, ジユンゾウ Norimine 乗峰 ノリミネ Junzo 潤三 ジユンゾウ 宮崎大学 University of Miyazaki 10462780 関口, 敏 セキグチ, サトシ Sekiguchi, Satoshi 関口 セキグチ Sekiguchi 敏 サトシ Satoshi 宮崎大学 University of Miyazaki open access © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). BoLA-DRB3 allele combinations bovine leukemia virus heterozygous alleles proviral load RFLP-PCR Enzootic bovine leukosis is a lethal neoplastic disease caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV), belongs to family Retroviridae. The BLV proviral load (PVL) represents the quantity of BLV genome that has integrated into the host’s genome in BLV-infected cells. Bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) class II allelic polymorphisms are associated with PVLs in BLV-infected cattle. We sought to identify relationships between BoLA-DRB3 allelic heterozygosity and BLV PVLs among different cattle breeds. Blood samples from 598 BLV-infected cattle were quantified to determine their PVLs by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results were confirmed by a BLV-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction identified 22 BoLA-DRB3 alleles. Multivariate negative binomial regression modeling was used to test for associations between BLV PVLs and BoLA-DRB3 alleles. BoLA-DRB3.2*3, *7, *8, *11, *22, *24, and *28 alleles were significantly associated with low PVLs. BoLA-DRB3.2*10 was significantly associated with high PVLs. Some heterozygous allele combinations were associated with low PVLs (*3/*28, *7/*8, *8/*11, *10/*11, and *11/*16); others were associated with high PVLs (*1/*41, *10/*16, *10/*41, *16/*27, and *22/*27). Interestingly, the BoLA-DRB3.2*11 heterozygous allele was always strongly and independently associated with low PVLs. This is the first reported evidence of an association between heterozygous allelic combinations and BLV PVLs. Citation: Daous, H.E.; Mitoma, S.; Elhanafy, E.; Thi Nguyen, H.; Thi Mai, N.; Notsu, K.; Kaneko, C.; Norimine, J.; Sekiguchi, S. Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in BoLA-DRB3 and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle. Animals 2021, 11, 647. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030647 MDPI eng journal article VoR http://hdl.handle.net/10458/0002000038 https://miyazaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000038 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030647 Animals 11 3 647 https://miyazaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000038/files/animals-11-00647-v2.pdf application/pdf 12.3 MB 2023-09-04